双语新闻双语伦敦，你的退出成全了北京雾都之名
【双语新闻】【双语】伦敦，你的退出成全了北京雾都之名
据说北京取代了伦敦成为新一代 "雾都", 既如此, 已经咳到地老天荒的小编觉得有必要学习上任雾都是如何重见天日的。
How did the world's original "City of Fog" manage to overcome its problems?
浓郁如Pea Soup，这不是一句醉了就可以交代过去的事
19世纪英国的雾是用 "豌豆汤" 来类比形容的,究竟有多触目惊心?
Pea soup, or a pea souper, also known as a black fog, killer fog orsmogis a very thick and often yellowish, greenish, or blackish fog caused byair pollutionthat containssootparticulatesand the poisonous gassulfur dioxide.
The earliest use of "pea-soup" as a deor for hazy conditions is found in a 1820 report by John Sartain's writing about his life as a young artist. He recounted as follows,
" ...slink home through a fog as thick and as yellow as the pea-soup of the eating house; return to your painting room...having opened your window at going out, to find the stink of the paint rendered worse, if possible, by the entrance of the fog, which, being a compound from the effusions of gas pipes, tan yards, chimneys, dyers, blanket scourers, breweries, sugar bakers, and soap boilers, may easily be imagined not to improve the smell of a painting room!"
雾霾有色有味, 程度甚于画家的颜料。
An 1871 New York Times article refers to "London, particularly, where the population is periodically submerged in a fog of the consistency of pea soup..."The smog is believed to have caused numerous deaths from respiratory problems.
1952 Great Smog 大雾迷城
1952年12月 5日, 伦敦市中心空气中的烟雾量几乎增加了十倍。莎德勒威尔斯剧场正在上演歌剧《茶花女》, 演员纵然卖力, 台下观众的视线却越来越模糊, 演出最终因为观众看不清舞台而中止。伦敦的警察只有用喷着巨大火苗的燃气瓶才能看清别人和自己。
When a cold spell hit London in December of 1952, Londoners did what they usually did: burn more coal to keep warm.On December 5, 1952, a dense layer of smog engulfed the city for five days, killing an estimated 12,000 people and essentially shutting down Lonon.This is the infamous Great Smog Incident.
A policeman at that time
12月9日, 烟雾被狂风驱散, 但此后两个月, 又有近八千人死于呼吸系统疾病。
It has been said famed US writer Mark Twain once travelled to London to deliver a speech, only to be forced to end it almost immediately because the audience couldn't see him.
Mark Twain
One person who does appreciate haze is impressionist painter Claude Monet, as haze gave his works obscure beauty.
可能只有印象派大师莫奈可以欣赏雾霾, 他要靠雾气表现光影在空气中的流转。
莫奈笔下的雾中伦敦国会大厦
Clean Air Act 法案啊
The smog in London in 1952 eventually prompted lawmakers to pass the Clean Air Act of 1956, which banned the use of coal in certian urban areas.
1968年英国政府又追加了一份《清洁空气法案》, 要求工业企业加高烟囱, 将烟雾排放到更高的空中区域。1993年, 英国强制所有境内出售的新车都必须加装催化器, 减少氮氧化物污染的排放。
In 21st century London, Britain also pays attention to PM 2.5, limiting the number of cars within the downtown area, giving a priority to public transportation, which are measures also being used in China today.
责编/侯小方
https://m.oubohk.cn/yingyu/374890/
